In January of 1977, Czechoslovakian dissidents composed a document entitled Charter 77 which sought to hold the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic government responsible for human rights violations. The document’s architects included prominent Czech dissidents Vaclav Havel, Jan Patocka, and Jiri Hajeck; however, only 230 signatures initially appeared on the charter and by 1989 included merely 1,864Continue reading “Charter 77”
Category Archives: Poland
Gale Stokes – The Walls Came Tumbling Down
In Gale Stokes book The Walls Came Tumbling Down, the author examines the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe from 1968 to 1989 with a brief epilogue that explores the transition of these nations from communism to pluralism between 1989 and 1992. For Stokes, the twentieth century tried three political experiments, the antirational or fascism,Continue reading “Gale Stokes – The Walls Came Tumbling Down”
Douglas I. Bell 